Voles are small, burrowing rodents often found in gardens or fields. They can be both beneficial and harmful. In this article, you'll learn five interesting facts about voles.
1. Voles are not moles
Voles are often confused with moles, as both live underground and leave mounds of earth behind. However, while moles are insectivores and primarily eat earthworms, voles belong to the rodent family and feed primarily on plant roots, bark, and tubers. Their tunnel systems are also closer to the surface than those of moles.
2. High reproduction rate
One reason voles are considered pests is their rapid reproduction. A female can have up to seven litters per year, with each litter containing three to eight young. This means that vole populations can increase significantly within a short period of time, which is particularly problematic in agricultural areas.
3. Characteristic damage
If plants in the garden suddenly wilt or trees have been eaten at the base, this could be a sign of voles. They prefer to feed on roots and bark, which can lead to plant death. Another sign of vole infestation is small, irregular mounds of earth and shallow burrows in the soil.
4. Natural enemies
Predators such as owls, birds of prey, foxes, and cats are particularly useful for naturally controlling voles. Creating a natural environment with perches for birds of prey or nesting sites for owls can reduce vole populations. Alternatively, fragrant plants such as garlic or crown imperials can keep voles away, as can devices such as vole screens .
5. Important for the ecosystem
Despite their reputation as pests, voles play an important role in the ecosystem. Their burrowing activity loosens the soil, promotes humus formation, and contributes to soil aeration. They also serve as an important food source for many predators. Their impact on the environment is therefore not entirely negative.
Conclusion
Voles are fascinating creatures with remarkable adaptability. Although they can cause damage in gardens and fields, they also contribute to soil improvement and maintaining natural balance. Targeted and environmentally friendly control can help keep voles in check without neglecting their ecological potential.
